4-Oxo-2-Nonenal- and Agitation-Induced Aggregates of α-Synuclein and Phosphorylated α-Synuclein with Distinct Biophysical Properties and Biomedical Applications.

α-Synuclein (α-syn) can form oligomers, protofibrils, and fibrils, which are associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies. Both the lipid peroxidation product 4-oxo-2-nonenal (ONE) and agitation can induce aggregation of α-syn and phosphorylated α-syn. Thus, clarification of the characteristics of different α-syn species could help to select suitable aggregates for diagnosis and elucidate the pathogenesis of diseases. Here, we characterized ONE-induced wild-type (WT) α-syn aggregates (OW), ONE-induced phosphorylated α-syn (p-α-syn) aggregates (OP), agitation-induced α-syn preformed fibrils (PFF), and agitation-induced p-α-syn preformed fibrils (pPFF). Thioflavin T (ThT) dying demonstrated that OW and OP had fewer fibrils than the PFF and pPFF. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the lengths of PFF and pPFF were similar, but the diameters differed. OW and OP had more compact structures than PFF and pPFF. Aggregation of p-α-syn was significantly faster than WT α-syn. Furthermore, OW and OP were more sodium dodecyl sulfate-stable and proteinase K-resistant, suggesting greater stability and compactness, while aggregates of PFF and pPFF were more sensitive to proteinase K treatment. Both ONE- and agitation-induced aggregates were cytotoxic when added exogenously to SH-SY5Y cells with increasing incubation times, but the agitation-induced aggregates caused cell toxicity in a shorter time and more p-α-syn inclusions. Similarly, p-proteins were more cytotoxic than non-p-proteins. Finally, all four aggregates were used as standard antigens to establish sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the recognition efficiency of OW and OP was more sensitive than that of PFF and pPFF. The OW- and OP-specific ELISA for detection of p-α-syn and α-syn in plasma samples of Thy1-α-syn transgenic mice showed that the content of aggregates could reflect the extent of disease. ONE and agitation induced the formation of α-syn aggregates with distinct biophysical properties and biomedical applications.

Gradient inflammation in the pancreatic stump after pancreaticoduodenectomy: Two case reports and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study explored this pathology in the pancreatic stumps and elucidated the mechanisms of POPF following PD. CASE SUMMARY: Pathological analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were performed on specimens obtained from two patients who underwent complete pancreatectomy for grade C POPF after PD. Gradient inflammation is present in the pancreatic stump. The apoptosis was lower than that in the normal pancreas. Moreover, neutrophil-dominated inflammatory cells are concentrated in the ductal system. Notably, neutrophils migrated through the ductal wall in acinar duct metaplasia-formed ducts. Additionally, evidence indicates that gut microbes migrate from the digestive tract. Gradient inflammation occurs in pancreatic stumps after PD. CONCLUSION: The mechanisms underlying POPF include high biochemical activity in the pancreas, mechanical injury, and digestive reflux. To prevent POPF and address pancreatic inflammation and reflux, breaking the link with anastomotic dehiscence is practical.

On-Substrate Fabrication of CsPbBr3 Single-Crystal Microstructures via Nanoparticle Self-Assembly-Assisted Low-Temperature Sintering.

The growth of all-inorganic perovskite single-crystal microstructures on substrates is a promising approach for constructing photonic and electronic microdevices. However, current preparation methods typically involve direct control of ions or atoms, which often depends on specific lattice-matched substrates for epitaxial growth and other stringent conditions that limit the mild preparation and flexibility of device integration. Herein, we present the on-substrate fabrication of CsPbBr3 single-crystal microstructures obtained via a nanoparticle self-assembly assisted low-temperature sintering (NSALS) method. Sintering guided by self-assembled atomically oriented superlattice embryos facilitated the formation of single-crystal microstructures under mild conditions without substrate dependence. The as-prepared on-substrate microstructures exhibited a consistent out-of-plane orientation with a carrier lifetime of up to 82.7 ns. Photodetectors fabricated by using these microstructures exhibited an excellent photoresponse of 9.15 A/W, and the dynamic optical response had a relative standard deviation as low as 0.1831%. The discrete photosensor microarray chip with 174000 pixels in a 100 mm2 area showed a response difference of less than 6%. This method of nanoscale particle-controlled single crystal growth on a substrate offers a perspective for mild-condition preparation and in situ repair of crystals of various types. This advancement can propel the flexible integration and widespread application of perovskite devices.

Characterization of a pangolin SARS-CoV-2-related virus isolate that uses the human ACE2 receptor.

Various SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses have been increasingly identified in pangolins, showing a potential threat to humans. Here we report the infectivity and pathogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2-related virus, PCoV-GX/P2V, which was isolated from a Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica). PCoV-GX/P2V could grow in human hepatoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, and human primary nasal epithelial cells. It replicated more efficiently in cells expressing human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) as SARS-CoV-2 did. After intranasal inoculation to the hACE2-transgenic mice, PCoV-GX/P2V not only replicated in nasal turbinate and lungs, but also caused interstitial pneumonia, characterized by infiltration of mixed inflammatory cells and multifocal alveolar hemorrhage. Existing population immunity established by SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination may not protect people from PCoV-GX/P2V infection. These findings further verify the hACE2 utility of PCoV-GX/P2V by in vivo experiments using authentic viruses and highlight the importance for intensive surveillance to prevent possible cross-species transmission.

Smartphone-assisted colorimetric biosensor for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides on the peel of fruits.

Nowadays, the widespread use of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) in agricultural production leads to varying degrees of residues in crops, which pose a potential threat to human health. Conventional methods used in national standard for the detection of OPs in fruits and vegetables require expensive instruments or cumbersome sample pretreatment steps for the analysis. To address these challenges, in this work, we took advantage of the peroxidase-like activity of PtCu3 alloy nanocrystals (NCs) for a colorimetric and smartphone assisted sensitive detection of OPs. With the assist of a smartphone, the concentration of OPs on the peel of fruits could be obtained by comparing the B/RG value (the brightness value of blue divided by those of red and green) of a test strip with a calibration curve. This work not only provides a facile and cost-effective method to detect pesticides but also makes a positive contribution to food safety warning.

Isolation and characterization of a pangolin-borne HKU4-related coronavirus that potentially infects human-DPP4-transgenic mice.

We recently detected a HKU4-related coronavirus in subgenus Merbecovirus (named pangolin-CoV-HKU4-P251T) from a Malayan pangolin1. Here we report isolation and characterization of pangolin-CoV-HKU4-P251T, the genome sequence of which is closest to that of a coronavirus from the greater bamboo bat (Tylonycteris robustula) in Yunnan Province, China, with a 94.3% nucleotide identity. Pangolin-CoV-HKU4-P251T is able to infect human cell lines, and replicates more efficiently in cells that express human-dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (hDPP4)-expressing and pangolin-DPP4-expressing cells than in bat-DPP4-expressing cells. After intranasal inoculation with pangolin-CoV-HKU4-P251, hDPP4-transgenic female mice are likely infected, showing persistent viral RNA copy numbers in the lungs. Progressive interstitial pneumonia developed in the infected mice, characterized by the accumulation of macrophages, and increase of antiviral cytokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and chemokines in lung tissues. These findings suggest that the pangolin-borne HKU4-related coronavirus has a potential for emerging as a human pathogen by using hDPP4.

Stable, intense supercontinuum light generation at 1 kHz by electric field assisted femtosecond laser filamentation in air.

Supercontinuum (SC) light source has advanced ultrafast laser spectroscopy in condensed matter science, biology, physics, and chemistry. Compared to the frequently used photonic crystal fibers and bulk materials, femtosecond laser filamentation in gases is damage-immune for supercontinuum generation. A bottleneck problem is the strong jitters from filament induced self-heating at kHz repetition rate level. We demonstrated stable kHz supercontinuum generation directly in air with multiple mJ level pulse energy. This was achieved by applying an external DC electric field to the air plasma filament. Beam pointing jitters of the 1 kHz air filament induced SC light were reduced by more than 2 fold. The stabilized high repetition rate laser filament offers the opportunity for stable intense SC generation and its applications in air.

Perylene-Mediated Cytoskeletal Dysfunction Remodels Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts to Augment Antitumor Immunotherapy.

Targeted reprogramming of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is one of the most essential cancer therapies. However, how to reprogram active CAFs toward deactivated state still remains immense challenge. To tackle this challenge, herein, one perylene N, N'-bis(2-((dimethylammonium)ethylene)-2-(methoxylethyl))-1, 6, 7, 12-tetrachloroperylene-3, 4, 9, 10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PDIC-OC) is prepared, which can trigger endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst to result in cytoskeletal dysfunction and cell apoptosis so that suppress transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß) production. As a result, PDIC-OC can reprogram the activated CAFs and relieve immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by efficient polarization of M2-typed macrophages into M1-typed ones, downregulation of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), alleviation of hypoxic state to promote infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and ultimately realizes outstanding antitumor performance on B16F10 tumor-xenografted and lung-metastatic mouse model even at low concentration of 1 mg kg-1 body weight. This work thus presents a novel strategy that cytoskeleton dysfunction and cell apoptosis cooperatively suppress the secretion of TGF-ß to reprogram CAFs and meanwhile clarifies intrinsic mechanism for perylene-triggered chemo-immunotherapy against hypoxic tumors.

Structure of crude polysaccharides from Atractylodes lancea rhizome and treatment of diarrhea owing to spleen deficiency through intestinal flora.

To optimize the extraction process of crude polysaccharides from Atractylodes and elaborate the mechanism of Atractylodes polysaccharides in treating diarrhea owing to spleen deficiency, so as to lay a foundation for further development and utilization of Atractylodes lancea, we used an orthogonal test to optimize the extraction process and established a model of spleen deficiency. It was further combined with histopathology and intestinal flora to elaborate the mechanism of Atractylodes polysaccharides in the treatment of spleen-deficiency diarrhea. The optimized extraction conditions were as follows: the ratio of material to liquid was 1:25; the rotational speed was 150 rpm; the extraction temperature was 60°C; the extraction time was 2 h; and the extraction rate was about 23%. The therapeutic effect of Atractylodes polysaccharides on a spleen-deficiency diarrhea model in mice showed that the water content of stools and diarrhea grade in the treatment group were alleviated, and the levels of gastrin, motilin and d-xylose were improved. The analysis results based on gut microbiota showed that the model group had a higher diversity of gut microbiota than the normal group and treatment group, and the treatment group could correct the diversity of gut microbiota in model mice. Analysis based on the level of phylum and genus showed that the treatment group could inhibit the abundance of Helicobacter pylori genus and increase beneficial bacteria genera. The conclusion was that the optimized extraction process of Atractylodes polysaccharides was reasonable and feasible, and had a good therapeutic effect on spleen deficiency diarrhea.

Physiological Mechanisms of Citrus Fruit Cracking: Study on Cell Wall Components, Osmoregulatory Substances, and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities.

Fruit cracking affects both the yield and economic efficiency of citrus; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, this study focused on resistant and susceptible cultivars to identify the mechanisms underlying fruit cracking. The results showed that in 'Mingrijian', pectin morphological transformation and hemicellulose and lignin degradation in the pericarp were important contributing factors. During the critical fruit-cracking period (115-150 days after flowering), the water-soluble pectin, protopectin, and lignin contents in the pericarp of 'Daya' presented inverse changes relative to those in 'Mingrijian', thus enhancing the mechanical properties and resistance of pericarp. From 115 to 150 days after flowering, the soluble sugar content in the pulp of 'Mingrijian' increased rapidly by 97.35%, aiding in pulp water absorption and expansion. Moreover, the soluble protein content in the pericarp of 'Mingrijian' exhibited a declining trend and was lower than that of 'Daya', thus affecting the overall metabolism. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the pericarp of 'Mingrijian' gradually decreased from 115 to 180 days after flowering, while the peroxidase (POD) activity remained at a low level, resulting in weaker antioxidant capacity and lower environmental resistance. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of citrus fruit cracking, laying the foundation for preventive and control strategies.

The role of SLC39A4 in the prognosis, immune microenvironment, and contribution to malignant behavior in vivo and in vitro of cervical cancer.

BACKGROUND: Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) are becoming more common in younger women. Solute carrier family 39 member 4 (SLC39A4) produces a zinc ion transporter involved in metastasis and invasion of tumors. METHODS: The Cancer Genome Atlas RNA-seq data was used to investigate the expression of SLC39A4 and its prognostic potential. The assessment of the effect of SLC39A4 on cell growth and migration in CESC was conducted using MTT, colony formation, and Transwell assays. SLC39A4 was studied in vivo using a xenograft mouse model, and its functional involvement in oncogenesis was investigated by identifying the associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We evaluated the relationships among SLC39A4 levels, chemosensitivity, radiosensitivity and immune infiltration. RESULTS: SLC39A4 was upregulated in CESC samples, and individuals with greater SLC39A4 mRNA expression had shorter overall survival. SLC39A4 has been identified to be a regulator of tumor cell metastasis and proliferation in vivo and in vitro, with an area under the curve of 0.874 for diagnosing CESC. In total, 948 DEGs were discovered to be enriched in key CESC progression-related signaling pathways. Additionally, intratumoral immune checkpoint and infiltration activity were associated with SLC39A4 expression. High SLC39A4 expression exhibited poor chemosensitivity and radiosensitivity profiles. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, SLC39A4 is a key regulator of CESC development, prognosis, and the composition of the tumor immune microenvironment. SLC39A4 could be used as a prognostic or diagnostic screening tool and as a potential target for CESC treatment.

Effect of Natural Variation and Rootstock on Fruit Quality and Volatile Organic Compounds of 'Kiyomi tangor' (Citrus reticulata Blanco) Citrus.

In this study, we compared the fruit quality and color of 'Kiyomi' (WT) and its mutant (MT) grafted on Ziyang xiangcheng (Cj) (WT/Cj, MT/Cj), and the MT grafted on Trifoliate orange (Pt) (MT/Pt). The differences in sugar, organic acid, flavonoids, phenols, and volatile substances of the three materials were also analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). The results showed significant differences in the appearance of WT/Cj, MT/Cj, and MT/Pt. MT/Pt, compared to WT/Cj, MT/Cj, had lower sugar, acid, phenol and flavonoid contents in the pulp. However, MT/Pt pulp was higher in vitamin C (VC), and the peel had significantly higher total phenol and flavonoid contents. In terms of pulp, WT/Cj had the greatest diversity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). 4-methyl-1-pentanol was significantly higher in MT/Cj pulp, while MT/Pt pulp had a unique octanoic acid, methyl ester. VOCs were more diverse in the peels of the three materials. ß-Myrcene and valencen were significantly higher in MT/Cj peels. In contrast, 16 unique VOCs were detected in MT/Pt, and D-limonene content was significantly higher than in WT/Cj and MT/Cj. The results suggest Trifoliate orange is a suitable rootstock for MT.

Application of extended criteria donor grafts in liver transplantation for acute-on-chronic liver failure: A retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: There is no consensus on the usage of extended criteria donor (ECD) grafts in liver transplantation (LT) for acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients. AIM: To summarize the experience of using ECD livers in ACLF-LT. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling patients who underwent LT at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from January 2015 to November 2021. The patients were divided into ECD and non-ECD groups for analysis. RESULTS: A total of 145 recipients were enrolled in this study, of which ECD and non-ECD recipients accounted for 53.8% and 46.2%, respectively. Donation after cardiac death (DCD) recipients accounted for the minority compared with donation after brain death (DBD) recipients (16.6% vs 83.4%). Neither overall survival nor graft survival significantly differed between ECD and non-ECD and DCD and DBD recipients. ECD grafts were associated with a significantly higher incidence of early allograft dysfunction (EAD) than non-ECD grafts (67.9% vs 41.8%, P = 0.002). Postoperative outcomes between DCD and DBD recipients were comparable (P > 0.05). ECD graft (P = 0.009), anhepatic phase (P = 0.034) and recipient gamma glutamyltransferase (P = 0.016) were independent risk factors for EAD. Recipient preoperative number of extrahepatic organ failures > 2 (P = 0.015) and intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.000) were independent predictors of poor post-LT survival. CONCLUSION: Although related to a higher risk of EAD, ECD grafts can be safely used in ACLF-LT. The main factors affecting post-LT survival in ACLF patients are their own severe preoperative disease and intraoperative blood loss.

CT target scanning in the diagnosis of solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the value of computed tomography (CT) iterative reconstruction technique combined with target scanning in the diagnosis of solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas (SPTP). METHODS: The clinical information and CT examination data of 27 patients with SPTP were retrospectively analyzed, and the general condition and CT performance of the patients were observed. The CT image reconstruction algorithm of all patients used iterative reconstruction technique combined with the application of target scanning technique. RESULTS: A total of 27 patients were included in this study, including 6 males and 21 females, aged 14-72 years with a mean age of 39.6 ± 13.6 years. SPTP was more common in young and middle-aged females, with a low level of tumor markers, dominated by cystic-solid tumors. The combination of CT iterative reconstruction technology and targeted scanning revealed the following: the capsule of SPTP was clear and complete, where calcifications were visible, solid components were progressively enhanced, and rare pancreatic and bile duct dilation was seen. Tumors were cystic-solid in 18 of 27 patients with SPTP, of which the solid components showed isodensity or slightly low-density, with calcifications. The solid components and cyst walls were mildly enhanced during the arterial phase, and were progressively enhanced during the parenchymal phase, portal vein phase, and delayed phase, with their enhancement degree lower than that of normal pancreatic parenchyma, and pancreatic and bile duct dilation was rare. There were no statistical differences in tumor location, morphology, growth pattern, integrity of capsule, cystic or solid, calcifications, and enhancement features between the male group and the female group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The iterative reconstruction combined with target scanning clearly displayed the CT features of tumors, helping the diagnosis and clinical treatment of the disease.

Protocol for preparing patterned superlattice structures by printing assembly technology for multi-channel detection.

The transformation of superlattice structures into functional devices requires high-quality preparation. Inkjet printing is potentially a cutting-edge technology for nanofabrication. Here, we present a protocol to prepare inks for constructing patterned superlattice structures using print assembly techniques. We describe steps for preparing oleophobic substrates, optimizing ink parameters, and preparing the patterned superlattice array. We then detail procedures for preparing a multichannel surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensor and evaluating its performance. This protocol can potentially facilitate the commercialization of superlattice-related devices. For complete details regarding the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Zhao et al.1.

S100A10 Overexpression Correlates with Adverse Prognosis, Tumor Microenvironment, and Aggressive Behavior In Vitro and In Vivo of Cervical Cancer.

Background: The incidence of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) is increasing in women. S100A10 overexpression is commonly reported in various malignancies and is closely associated with tumor cell characteristics and prognosis. Methods: The expression of S100A10 and its prognostic relevance were assessed utilizing RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. S100A10 regulation of CESC cell growth and migration was investigated using CCK-8, colony-forming, and Transwell-based approaches. Xenograft model mice were used to examine the in vivo effects of S100A10, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) linked to S100A10 were identified to explore its functional role in oncogenesis. Associations between S100A10 levels, chemosensitivity, and the immune microenvironment were assessed, and the mutational and methylation status of S100A10 was evaluated using the cBioPortal and MethSurv databases, respectively. Results: S100A10 was upregulated in CESC samples, and higher S100A10 mRNA levels were associated in poor prognostic outcomes. The area under the curve for S100A10 when diagnosing CESC was 0.935, and S100A10 was found to regulate tumor cell proliferation and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, 1125 DEGs enriched in crucial CESC progression-associated signaling pathways were identified. S100A10 expression was also associated with the intratumoral immune microenvironment and immune checkpoint activity. Patients expressing elevated S100A10 levels exhibited distinct chemotherapeutic susceptibility, and methylation of the S100A10 gene was correlated with patient survival outcomes. Conclusion: In summary, this research demonstrated that S100A10 plays a crucial role in regulating CESC development, prognosis, and the intratumoral immune microenvironment. Thus, S100A10 shows potential as a prognostic or diagnostic tool and as a potential target for CESC immunotherapy.

[Research progress on active ingredients of animal-derived traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of allergic rhinitis].

Allergic rhinitis(AR) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract. Due to its high prevalence, high recurrence rate, and lack of a definitive cure, it is considered a global health issue by the World Health Organization. The pathogenesis of AR is complex and mainly involves B cells, helper T cells, eosinophils, basophils, macrophages, as well as the cytokines and inflammatory mediators they secrete. Clinical treatment primarily focuses on inhibiting inflammatory mediators such as histamine and leukotrienes. In recent years, active ingredients of animal-derived traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) have shown unique advantages and potential in AR treatment thanks to their high safety, specificity, selectivity, and biopotency. This study systematically reviewed the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of active ingredients and mixed extracts from animal-derived TCM, such as bovine spleen, honeycomb, bee venom, maggot, and human placenta, which have been shown by modern pharmacological research to regulate the immune function in AR, providing a reference for further exploration and clinical development of active ingredients from animal-derived TCM. Studies have found that the active ingredients from animal-derived TCM can produce definite therapeutic effects in AR by modulating multiple immune balances in the body, with great clinical prospects. However, their mechanisms of action still require further investigation, and the quality control techniques for effective ingredients need to be improved. Currently, the research on active ingredients from animal-derived TCM in China has adopted an interactive system consisting of "traditional medical experience-based research, bioinformatics and artificial intelligence predictions, and validation and development through new experimental techniques". Based on this system, animal-derived TCM can combine modern scientific and technological means to maximize the therapeutic effects of active ingredients and serve the clinical application of AR in a more efficient and innovative manner.

Recent Progress in Gas Sensors Based on P3HT Polymer Field-Effect Transistors.

In recent decades, the rapid development of the global economy has led to a substantial increase in energy consumption, subsequently resulting in the emission of a significant quantity of toxic gases into the environment. So far, gas sensors based on polymer field-effect transistors (PFETs), a highly practical and cost-efficient strategy, have garnered considerable attention, primarily attributed to their inherent advantages of offering a plethora of material choices, robust flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. Notably, the development of functional organic semiconductors (OSCs), such as poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT), has been the subject of extensive scholarly investigation in recent years due to its widespread availability and remarkable sensing characteristics. This paper provides an exhaustive overview encompassing the production, functionalization strategies, and practical applications of gas sensors incorporating P3HT as the OSC layer. The exceptional sensing attributes and wide-ranging utility of P3HT position it as a promising candidate for improving PFET-based gas sensors.

Effects of Exogenous Application of Glycine Betaine Treatment on 'Huangguoggan' Fruit during Postharvest Storage.

Loss of quality in citrus fruit is a common occurrence during postharvest storage due to oxidative stress and energy consumption. In recent years, glycine betaine (GB) has been widely applied to postharvest horticulture fruit. This study aimed to investigate the effect of GB treatment (10 mM and 20 mM) on the quality and antioxidant activity of 'Huangguogan' fruit during postharvest storage at room temperature. Our results indicated that both 10 mM and 20 mM treatments effectively reduced weight and firmness losses and maintained total soluble solid (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), and ascorbic acid contents. Additionally, GB treatment significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, maintained higher levels of total phenols and total flavonoids, and led to slower accumulation of H2O2. A transcriptome analysis conducted at 28 days after treatment (DAT)identified 391 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 20 mM GB (GB-2) and the control (CK) group. These DEGs were enriched in various pathways, particularly related to oxygen oxidoreductase, peroxidase activity, and flavonoid biosynthesis. Overall, the application of GB proved beneficial in enhancing the storability and extending the shelf life of 'Huangguogan' fruit.

Methanol-water mixture evaporation-induced self-assembly of ZIF-8 particles.

We report a strategy for the self-assembly of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) particles induced by the evaporation of a methanol-water mixture. This strategy effectively suppresses the coffee ring effect, facilitates the rapid assembly of ZIF-8 particles, and improves the orientation and optical properties of self-assembled superstructures.